| Citation: |
Qian Cheng, Shiqing Bi, Hong Zhang, Yuan Zhang, Huiqiong Zhou. Interfaces in monolithic perovskite/organic hybrid solar cells: progresses, prospects and challenges[J]. Energy Lab, 2025, 3(2): 250001. doi: 10.54227/elab.20250001
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Interfaces in monolithic perovskite/organic hybrid solar cells: progresses, prospects and challenges
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Abstract
Combining the merits of the extended light-harvesting spectrum and simple solution-processed fabrication, multi-junction perovskite/ organic hybrid solar cells (POHSCs) undoubtedly show potential for practical energy conversion applications. The POHSCs can be divided into the perovskite/ organic tandem solar cells (POTSCs) and the integrated perovskite/ organic solar cells (IPOSCs), according to whether there is an interconnecting layer (ICL) between the sub-cells. However, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of POHSCs lags behind other perovskite-based multi-junction devices due to the deficit of light harvesting and the severe carrier loss at the interface. The increased number of interfaces and the stringent requirements on interface properties make it a top priority to obtain efficient POHSCs. In this comprehensive review, we delve into the impact of interfaces on efficiency losses and provide a detailed overview of the latest advancements in interface engineering strategies for POHSCs. Furthermore, we explore the prospects and challenges that lie ahead for the development and optimization of these innovative solar cells.
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Keywords:
- Interface engineering /
- wide-bandgap /
- perovskite /
- organic solar cells /
- tandem solar cells.
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Author Biographies
Dr. Qian Cheng received her B. S. degree in chemistry from Huazhong University of Science and Technology in 2018 and obtained her Ph. D. degree in physical chemistry from University of Chinese Academy of Sciences under the supervision of Prof. Huiqiong Zhou in 2023. Dr. Cheng’s research interests focus on perovskite solar cells and their applications. 
Dr. Shiqing Bi obtained a PhD degree at Beijing University of Chemical Technology in 2015. He has three years of postdoctoral research experience at Physical Chemistry, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, China. Currently, he is an associate professor at the College of New Energy, Yulin University. His research focus areas are Perovskite solar cells, Dye-sensitized solar cells and Preparation and Application of New Energy Materials. 
Dr. Huiqiong Zhou is a professor of Physical Chemistry at National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), China. She received her B.Sc. and M.Sc. degrees from Wuhan University and obtained her Ph.D. in Physical Chemistry from NCNST. Then, she joined the group of Nobel Laureate Prof. A. J. Heeger at University of California Santa Barbara as a Postdoctoral Researcher from 2010 to 2014. She joined NCNST as a professor to start her independent research in 2015. Dr. Zhou has contributed to more than 140 SCI publications. She was awarded 100 Top Young Scientists Program from the Chinese Academy of Sciences (2015), and National Science Fund for Excellent Young Scholars (2019). Currently, she serves as a member of Editorial Board for ChemNanoMat journal, Editorial Advisory Board for Solar RRL journal, and also as a member of Young Advisory Board for ACTA PHYS-CHIM SIN and NanoResearch journals. Her research interests focus on solution-processed organic solar cells and perovskite solar cells. -
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Qian Cheng, Shiqing Bi, Hong Zhang, Yuan Zhang, Huiqiong Zhou. Interfaces in monolithic perovskite/organic hybrid solar cells: progresses, prospects and challenges[J]. Energy Lab, 2025, 3(2): 250001. doi: 10.54227/elab.20250001
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Figure 1.
a Schematic illustration of light absorption in multi-junction solar cells. b Shockley-Queisser limit of two-junction solar cells with 2-terminal structure.[8] c Absorption spectra of perovskite and NIR organic films. d Device structures of POTSCs. e The efficiency evolution of perovskite-based double-junction solar cells.[26–27]
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Figure 2.
a Schematic illustration of BPA passivation of NiOx HTLs.[39] b SEM images of CsPbI2Br films without and with 10 µL/mL bottom MAFm modification.[40] c Absorption energy of CA and EA on different types of defects.[51] d Calculated structures illustrating the passivation of perovskite surface by a trans-CyDA2+ or cis-CyDA2+ cation.[29]
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Figure 3.
a Energy band alignment in WBG PSC with different ETLs. b SEM images of SnO2 and Cl@MZO films.[52] c Molecule structure and energy level of PE51, PE52, and PE53.[58] d The combination effects of modified ETLs and HTLs.[59]
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Figure 4.
Schematic illustration of a phase segregation and b the carrier trapping effects. c Energy diagram of iodine escape process in control perovskite (in blue) and perovskite with AIDCN (in red).[68] d PL spectra of perovskites with and without Pb(SCN)2 under 100 sun illumination.[69] e The redox reaction between AQS and defects. f Time-dependent photoluminescence spectra.[70]
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Figure 5.
a Transmittance spectra and b EQE spectra of POTSCs with different ICLs.[39] c Filtered EQE spectra related to different thickness of MoOx.[88] d The electrical properties of ALD InOx with increased cycle number. e Transmittance spectra of different ICLs. f Enhanced EQE response enabled by InOx.[89]
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Figure 6.
a Energy level of POTSCs with different HTL. Simulated photon absorption rate distribution of b polyTPD and c PBDB-T-Si based TSCs.[90] d Energy level of POTSCs with PTQ10 or P3HT. e Transmittance spectra and f conductivity test of PTQ10 and P3HT.[91]
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Figure 7.
Chemical structures of NIR donors with different absorption window.
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Figure 8.
Chemical structures of NIR acceptors with different absorption window.
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Figure 9.
a EQE spectra of POTSCs with different organic active layers.[102] b EQE spectra of OSCs with different acceptors.[103] c Absorption spectra of organic active layer with decreased D/A ratio.[52] d EQE spectra of POTSCs based on binary and ternary organic active layers.[104] e EQE spectra of OSCs with LBL and PDHJ structure.[105]
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Figure 10.
a Extended EQE response in IPOSCs.[106] b J-V curve and c EQE spectra of IPOSCs based on Sn-Pb perovskite sub-cells.[30] d Schematic illustration for the effect of 1% DPE on the carrier properties of BHJ layer. e Enhanced EQE response via doping the active layers.[109] f Energy level of IPOSCs with BCP and ZrAcae interlayers.[113] g Energy level of IPOSCs with a thin PM6 interlayer and h the related J-V curves.[114]
